The Queue Order ( simplified Chinese: 剃发令 traditional Chinese: 剃髮令 pinyin: tìfàlìng), or tonsure decree, was a series of laws violently imposed by the Qing (Manchu) dynasty in the seventeenth century. Queue Order (1645)Ĭhinese circus performers soon after the Manchu conquest, wearing queues. The queue also aided the Manchus in identifying those Chinese who refused to accept Qing dynasty domination. The Manchu hairstyle was significant because it was a symbol of Ming Chinese submission to Qing rule. Once firmly in power, Nurhaci commanded all men in the areas he had conquered to adopt the Manchu hairstyle. Nurhaci achieved the creation of Aisin Gioro dynasty, later becoming the Qing Dynasty of China, after having defeated the Ming forces in southern Manchuria. The Manchu hairstyle was forcefully introduced to Han Chinese by Nurhaci in the early 17th century. Some, such as Zhang Xun, still did as a tradition, but most of them abandoned it after the last Emperor of China Puyi cut his queue in 1922. In the early 1910s, after the fall of the Qing dynasty, the Chinese no longer had to wear it. The hairstyle was compulsory on all males and the penalty for not having it was execution as it was considered treason. The hairstyle consisted of the hair on the front of the head being shaved off above the temples every ten days and the rest of the hair braided into a long ponytail. The queue was a specific male hairstyle worn by the Manchus from central Manchuria and later imposed on the Han Chinese during the Qing dynasty. (From the cover of Martino Martini's Regni Sinensis a Tartari devastati enarratio, 1661) Later historians noted this as an inconsistency in the picture. A European artist's conception of a Manchu warrior in China - surprisingly, holding the severed head of an enemy by its queue (which, actually, looks more like a Ukrainian Cossack oseledets).
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